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Broken Icarus

The 1933 Chicago World's Fair, the Golden Age of Aviation, and the Rise of Fascism

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1 of 1 copy available
1 of 1 copy available

2022 History Book Festival Official Selection.

The 1930s still conjure painful images: the great want of the Depression, and overseas, the exuberant crowds motivated by self-appointed national saviors dressing up old hatreds as new ideas. But there was another story that embodied mankind in that decade. In the same year that both Adolf Hitler and Franklin D. Roosevelt came to power, the city of Chicago staged what was, up to that time, the most forward-looking international exhibition in history. The 1933 World's Fair looked to the future, unabashedly, as one full of glowing promise.

No technology loomed larger at the Fair than aviation. And no persons at the Fair captured the public's interest as much as the romantic figures associated with it: Italy's internationally renowned chief of aeronautics, Italo Balbo; German Zeppelin designer and captain, Doctor Hugo Eckener; and the husband-and-wife aeronaut team of Swiss-born Jean Piccard and Chicago-born Jeannette Ridlon Piccard.

This golden age of aviation and its high priests and priestesses portended to many the world over that a new age was dawning, an age when man would not only leave the ground behind, but also his uglier, less admirable heritage of war, poverty, corruption, and disease.

It was only later in the decade that the dark correlation between the rise of some of aviation's superstars and the rise of fascism was to be revealed. But for a moment in 1933, this all lay in a future that still seemed so promising.

In Broken Icarus, author David Hanna tracks the inspiring trajectory of aviation leading up to and through the World's Fair of 1933, as well as the field of flight's more sinister ties to fascism domestic and abroad to present a unique history that is both riveting and revelatory.

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    • Publisher's Weekly

      April 4, 2022
      The 1933 Chicago World’s Fair showcased dazzling technological and scientific advances and “frightening new political philosophies,” according to this eye-opening account. High school history teacher Hanna (Rendezvous with Death) draws vivid profiles of aeronautical innovators who attended the fair (official motto: “Science Finds, Industry Applies, Man Conforms”), including Italo Balbo, Italy’s dashing chief of aeronautics and a dedicated Fascist; Hugo Eckener, designer and captain of the massive Graf Zeppelin airship, who sought to make a “final public display of his contempt for Nazism”; and the husband-and-wife team of Auguste and Jean Piccard. Fairgoers witnessed such astonishing sights as Balbo’s air armada of 24 seaplanes splashing down in Lake Michigan; the arrival of Eckener’s Graf Zeppelin, piloted in a pattern intended to hide the Nazi swastika on the stabilizing fin from the crowd below; and the Piccards’ high-altitude ballooning. But the feats of Balbo and Eckener also provided propaganda coups for Mussolini and Hitler, Hanna notes, and with the 1937 Hindenburg disaster and the outbreak of WWII in 1939, the sights and sounds of innovative aircraft became linked “with death and destruction meted out from the sky.” Interweaving colorful anecdotes and incisive cultural analysis, this entertaining history strikes a cautionary note about the promise and peril of technology.

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  • English

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